Circle of Harmony
Time: 1 s
Memory: 125 MB
Memory: 125 MB
You are given a set of n distinct elements labeled from 1 to n, arranged in a circle in clockwise order.
Define a function \(f(k)\) as the number of ways to partition this set into exactly k non-empty groups such that :
Your task is to compute the value of : \(\sum_{k=1}^{n} f(k) \)
—that is, the total sum of \(f(k)\) for every k from 1 to n.
Since the answer can be very large, output the result modulo 998244353
Define a function \(f(k)\) as the number of ways to partition this set into exactly k non-empty groups such that :
- Each element belongs to exactly one group.
- For each group, if you draw straight line segments (chords) connecting every pair of elements within that group inside the circle,
- Then, no two chords from different groups intersect each other inside the circle.
Your task is to compute the value of : \(\sum_{k=1}^{n} f(k) \)
—that is, the total sum of \(f(k)\) for every k from 1 to n.
Since the answer can be very large, output the result modulo 998244353
Input
The first line contains an integer T — the number of test cases.Each of the next T lines contains a single integer n — the size of the set.
Constraint
\(1 \leq T \leq 10^5\)\(1 \leq n \leq 10^6\)
Output
For each test case, output a single line containing one integer — the answer to the given test case
Examples
| Input | Output |
|---|---|
|
3
1 3 5 |
1
5 42 |
| Input | Output |
|---|---|
|
3
9 24 15 |
4862
172443248 9694845 |
Problem Info
| Problem ID | 428 |
| Time Limit | 1000 ms |
| Memory Limit | 128000 KB |
| Moderators | Royboy01 , Alom_Shanto |
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